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1.
Biomedicines ; 10(6)2022 Jun 02.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35740322

RESUMEN

Background: Vascular abnormalities, including venous congestion (VC) and pulmonary embolism (PE), have been recognized as frequent COVID-19 imaging patterns and proposed as severity markers. However, the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to characterize the relationship between VC, PE distribution, and alveolar opacities (AO). Methods: This multicenter observational registry (clinicaltrials.gov identifier NCT04824313) included 268 patients diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection and subjected to contrast-enhanced CT between March and June 2020. Acute PE was diagnosed in 61 (22.8%) patients, including 17 females (27.9%), at a mean age of 61.7 ± 14.2 years. Demographic, laboratory, and outcome data were retrieved. We analyzed CT images at the segmental level regarding VC (qualitatively and quantitatively [diameter]), AO (semi-quantitatively as absent, <50%, or >50% involvement), clot location, and distribution related to VC and AO. Segments with vs. without PE were compared. Results: Out of 411 emboli, 82 (20%) were lobar or more proximal and 329 (80%) were segmental or subsegmental. Venous diameters were significantly higher in segments with AO (p = 0.031), unlike arteries (p = 0.138). At the segmental level, 77% of emboli were associated with VC. Overall, PE occurred in 28.2% of segments with AO vs. 21.8% without (p = 0.047). In the absence of VC, however, AO did not affect PE rates (p = 0.94). Conclusions: Vascular changes predominantly affected veins, and most PEs were located in segments with VC. In the absence of VC, AOs were not associated with the PE rate. VC might result from increased flow supported by the hypothesis of pulmonary arteriovenous anastomosis dysregulation as a relevant contributing factor.

2.
J Clin Med ; 10(6)2021 Mar 22.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33809919

RESUMEN

Percutaneous sclerotherapy is used to treat venous and lymphatic vascular malformations, which can cause significant discomfort and/or disfigurement. The purpose of this study is to describe the bleomycin sclerotherapy technique and to evaluate its clinical and radiological efficacy and safety. We retrospectively identified consecutive patients with venous malformations (VMs) and lymphatic malformations (LMs) who underwent bleomycin sclerotherapy in 2011-2020 at our institution. We collected the clinical and radiological success rates, complications and recurrences separately in the VM and LM groups. We identified 26 patients, 15 with VMs and 11 with LMs. The significant volume reductions obtained were 45% in the VM group and 76% in the LM group (p = 0.003 and p = 0.009, respectively). Significant reductions in discomfort/pain and in cosmetic disfigurement were obtained in both groups. An overall improvement was reported by 69% and 82% of patients in the VM and LM groups, respectively. No major complications occurred during the mean follow-up of 51 ± 34 months in the VM group and 29 ± 18 months in the LM group. A recurrence developed within 2 years in 23% of patients. Bleomycin is clinically and radiologically effective for the treatment of venous and lymphatic malformations, with a high level of patient safety.

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